General Gheorghe Magheru (1802, Bârzeiul de Gilort in Gorj—1880) was a Wallachian Romanian revolutionary and soldier, and political ally of Nicolae Bălcescu.

Magheru bagan his activities as an Oltenian Pandur and hajduk in the area around Băileşti, and led his group into volunteering for the Imperial Russian side in the Russo-Turkish War - playing a part in the capture of Băileşti during the maneuvers. For his personal contribution, Magheru was decorated with the Order of Saint Anne by Tsar Alexander I himself.

He was one of the first Pandurs to join the Wallachian uprising of 1821 under the leadership of Tudor Vladimirescu. After the latter's assassination and the rebellion's failure, he returned to life as a local outlaw, only to join the Wallachian Army after a few years.

A competent soldier, Magheru went through several ranks in quick succesion; at the same time, his past and career made him an important asset for the young radicals, who quickly won him for their side. He joined the Freemasonry-inspired Frăţia ("Brotherhood") secret society, founded in 1834 by Bălcescu, Christian Tell, and Ion Ghica, one which aimed to counter the arbitrary rule of Alexandru Ghica, and then plotting against Gheorghe Bibescu.

Magheru returned to Wallachia and was active in the movement that worked for the Union of Moldavia and Wallachia (the movement was largely composed of former 1848-activists in the two countries). This was to be realized on January 24, 1859, when the already Prince of Moldavia Alexander John Cuza was elected in Bucharest.

One of the main arteries in Bucharest bears Magheru's name, and the campsite in Râureni is now a museum.